1). What is web.config file in
asp.net?
Web.config is the main settings and configuration file for an ASP.NET web application. The file is an xml document that defines configuration information regarding the web application.This file stores the information about how the web application will act.
2). Does web.config file case-sensitive?
Yes.
3). Web.config file is stored in which form?
Web.config files are stored in XML format.
4). Can one directory contain multiple web.config files?
No. One directory can contain only one file.
5). Can you tell the location of the root web.confit file from which all web.config file inherit ?
All the Web.config files inherit the root Web.config file available at the following location systemroot\Microsoft.NET\Framework\versionNumber\CONFIG\Web.config
6). What is the root tag of web.config file?
<configuration> tag is the root element of the Web.config file under which it has all the remaining sub elements.
7). What is the use of customErrors tag in web.config file ?
CustomErrors tag provides information about custom error messages for an ASP.NET application. The customErrors element can be defined at any level in the application file hierarchy.
Code:
Web.config is the main settings and configuration file for an ASP.NET web application. The file is an xml document that defines configuration information regarding the web application.This file stores the information about how the web application will act.
2). Does web.config file case-sensitive?
Yes.
3). Web.config file is stored in which form?
Web.config files are stored in XML format.
4). Can one directory contain multiple web.config files?
No. One directory can contain only one file.
5). Can you tell the location of the root web.confit file from which all web.config file inherit ?
All the Web.config files inherit the root Web.config file available at the following location systemroot\Microsoft.NET\Framework\versionNumber\CONFIG\Web.config
6). What is the root tag of web.config file?
<configuration> tag is the root element of the Web.config file under which it has all the remaining sub elements.
7). What is the use of customErrors tag in web.config file ?
CustomErrors tag provides information about custom error messages for an ASP.NET application. The customErrors element can be defined at any level in the application file hierarchy.
Code:
<customErrors defaultRedirect ="Error.aspx" mode ="Off">
<error statusCode ="401" redirect ="Unauthorized.aspx"/>
</customErrors>
The customErrors section consists of defaultRedirect and mode attributes which specify the default redirect page and the on/off mode respectively.
The subsection of customErrors section allows redirecting to specified page depending on the error status code.
400 Bad Request
401 Unauthorized
404 Not Found
408 Request Timeout
8). Can you describe the funcnalitity of <httpHandlers> tab in web.config?
HttpHandler is a code that executes when an http request for a specific resource is made to the server. For example, request an .aspx page the ASP.NET page handler is executed, similarly if an .asmx file is requested, the ASP.NET service handler is executed. An HTTP Handler is a component that handles the ASP.NET requests at a lower level than ASP.NET is capable of handling.
9). What is authentication tag/section in web.config?
ASP.NET implements additional authentication schemes using authentication providers, which are separate from and apply only after the IIS authentication schemes. ASP.NET supports the following authentication providers:
Windows (default)
Forms
Passport
None
To enable an authentication provider for an ASP.NET application, use the authentication element in either machine.config or Web.config as follows:
Code:
<system.web>
<!--
mode=[Windows|Forms|Passport|None] -->
<authentication mode="Windows" />
</system.web>
10). For which purpose you use <appSettings> tag?
appSettings tag helps us to store the application settings information like connection strings, file paths, URLs, port numbers, custom key value pairs, etc.
Ex:-
Code:
<appSettings>
<add key="ConString" value="Data
Srouce=....."/>
</appSettings>
11). What is the use of connectionStrings tag?
<connectionStrings> is the most common section of web.config file which allows you to store multiple connection strings that are used in the application.
Code:
<connectionStrings>
<add name ="ConString" connectionString ="Initial
Catalog = abc;
Data Source =localhost; Integrated Security = true"/>
</connectionStrings>
12). Can you write down the C# code for reading connection string which is defined in web.config?
Code:
string cnn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConString"].ConnectionString;
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1).What is state management?
Ans: State management is the process by which you maintain state and page information over multiple requests for the same or different pages.
2).Http is stateless, What does this mean?
Ans: Stateless protocol is a communications protocol that treats each request as an independent transaction that is unrelated to any previous request so that the communication consists of independent pairs of requests and responses.
3).What is Session?
Ans: We know that Http is stateless, means when we open a webpage and fill some information and then move to next page then the data which we have entered will lost.
It happed do to Http protocol stateless nature. So here session come into existence, Session provide us the way of storing data in server memory. So you can store your page data into server
memory and retrieve it back during page postbacks.
4).What are the Advantage and disadvantage of Session?
Ans: Advantages:
Session provide us the way of maintain user state/data.
It is very easy to implement.
One big advantage of session is that we can store any kind of object in it. :eg, datatabe, dataset.. etc
By using session we don't need to worry about data collesp, because it store every client data separately.
Session is secure and transparent from the user.
Disadvantages:
Performance overhead in case of large volumes of data/user, because session data is stored in server memory.
Overhead involved in serializing and de-serializing session data, because in the case of StateServer and SQLServer session modes, we need to serialize the objects before storing them.
5).What is Session ID in Asp.net?
Ans: Asp.Net use 120 bit identifier to track each session. This is secure enough and can't be reverse engineered. When client communicate with server, only session id is transmitted, between them. When client request for data, ASP.NET looks on to session ID and retrieves corresponding data.
6).By default where the sessions ID's are stored ?
Ans: By default, the unique identifier for a session is stored in a non-expiring session cookie in the browser. You can specify that session identifiers not be stored in a cookie by setting the cookieless attribute to true in the sessionState configuration element.
We can also configure our application to store it in the url by specifying a "cookieless" session
The ASP Session cookie has this format:-
ASPSESSIONIDACSSDCCC=APHELKLDMNKNIOJONJACDHFN
7).Where does session stored if cookie is disabled on client’s machine?
Ans: If you want to disable the use of cookies in your ASP.NET application and still make use of session state, you can configure your application to store the session identifier in the URL instead of a cookie by setting the cookieless attribute of the sessionState configuration element to true, or to UseUri, in the Web.config file for your application.
The following code example shows a Web.config file that configures session state to use cookieless session identifiers.
Code:
Ans: State management is the process by which you maintain state and page information over multiple requests for the same or different pages.
2).Http is stateless, What does this mean?
Ans: Stateless protocol is a communications protocol that treats each request as an independent transaction that is unrelated to any previous request so that the communication consists of independent pairs of requests and responses.
3).What is Session?
Ans: We know that Http is stateless, means when we open a webpage and fill some information and then move to next page then the data which we have entered will lost.
It happed do to Http protocol stateless nature. So here session come into existence, Session provide us the way of storing data in server memory. So you can store your page data into server
memory and retrieve it back during page postbacks.
4).What are the Advantage and disadvantage of Session?
Ans: Advantages:
Session provide us the way of maintain user state/data.
It is very easy to implement.
One big advantage of session is that we can store any kind of object in it. :eg, datatabe, dataset.. etc
By using session we don't need to worry about data collesp, because it store every client data separately.
Session is secure and transparent from the user.
Disadvantages:
Performance overhead in case of large volumes of data/user, because session data is stored in server memory.
Overhead involved in serializing and de-serializing session data, because in the case of StateServer and SQLServer session modes, we need to serialize the objects before storing them.
5).What is Session ID in Asp.net?
Ans: Asp.Net use 120 bit identifier to track each session. This is secure enough and can't be reverse engineered. When client communicate with server, only session id is transmitted, between them. When client request for data, ASP.NET looks on to session ID and retrieves corresponding data.
6).By default where the sessions ID's are stored ?
Ans: By default, the unique identifier for a session is stored in a non-expiring session cookie in the browser. You can specify that session identifiers not be stored in a cookie by setting the cookieless attribute to true in the sessionState configuration element.
We can also configure our application to store it in the url by specifying a "cookieless" session
The ASP Session cookie has this format:-
ASPSESSIONIDACSSDCCC=APHELKLDMNKNIOJONJACDHFN
7).Where does session stored if cookie is disabled on client’s machine?
Ans: If you want to disable the use of cookies in your ASP.NET application and still make use of session state, you can configure your application to store the session identifier in the URL instead of a cookie by setting the cookieless attribute of the sessionState configuration element to true, or to UseUri, in the Web.config file for your application.
The following code example shows a Web.config file that configures session state to use cookieless session identifiers.
Code:
<configuration>
<system.web>
<sessionState
cookieless="true"
regenerateExpiredSessionId="true"
timeout="30" />
</system.web>
</configuration>
8).Can you describe all the property set in web.config under session state?
Ans:
Code:
8).Can you describe all the property set in web.config under session state?
Ans:
Code:
<configuration>
<sessionstate
mode="inproc"
cookieless="false"
timeout="20"
sqlconnectionstring="data
source=127.0.0.1;user id=<userid>;password=<password>"
server="127.0.0.1"
port="42424"/>
</configuration>
Mode: The mode setting supports
three options: inproc, sqlserver, and stateserver. As stated earlier, ASP.NET
supports two modes: in process and out of process. There are also two options
for out-of-process state management: memory based (stateserver), and SQL Server
based (sqlserver). We'll discuss implementing these options shortly.
Cookieless: The cookieless option for ASP.NET is configured with this simple Boolean setting.
Timeout: This option controls the length of time a session is considered valid. The session timeout is a sliding value; on each request the timeout period is set to the current time plus the timeout value
Sqlconnectionstring: The sqlconnectionstring identifies the database connection string that names the database used for mode sqlserver.
Server: In the out-of-process mode stateserver, it names the server that is running the required Windows NT service: ASPState.
Port: The port setting, which accompanies the server setting, identifies the port number that corresponds to the server setting for mode stateserver.
9).What are Session Events?
Ans: There are two types of session events available in ASP.NET:
Session_Start
Session_End
You can handle both these events in the global.asax file of your web application. When a new session initiates, the session_start event is raised, and the Session_End event raised when a session is abandoned or expires.
10).How you can disable session?
Ans: If we set session Mode="off" in web.config, session will be disabled in the application. For this, we need to configure web.config the following way:
Code:
Cookieless: The cookieless option for ASP.NET is configured with this simple Boolean setting.
Timeout: This option controls the length of time a session is considered valid. The session timeout is a sliding value; on each request the timeout period is set to the current time plus the timeout value
Sqlconnectionstring: The sqlconnectionstring identifies the database connection string that names the database used for mode sqlserver.
Server: In the out-of-process mode stateserver, it names the server that is running the required Windows NT service: ASPState.
Port: The port setting, which accompanies the server setting, identifies the port number that corresponds to the server setting for mode stateserver.
9).What are Session Events?
Ans: There are two types of session events available in ASP.NET:
Session_Start
Session_End
You can handle both these events in the global.asax file of your web application. When a new session initiates, the session_start event is raised, and the Session_End event raised when a session is abandoned or expires.
10).How you can disable session?
Ans: If we set session Mode="off" in web.config, session will be disabled in the application. For this, we need to configure web.config the following way:
Code:
<configuration>
<sessionstate Mode="off"/>
</configuration>
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